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Distinguishing Between Dermatologic Disorders of the Face, Nasal Planum, and Ears
面部、鼻平面和耳部皮肤病鉴别诊断
Great Lookalikes in Feline Dermatology
猫皮肤病学‘大撞脸’
Kimberly Coyner, DVM
翻译：王帆
Fig. 1. Facial barbering/excoriations caused by atopy. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图1。特应性皮炎引起的面部剃理毛性脱毛/抓痕。
Fig. 2. Facial and pinnal crusting and pruritus caused by Notoedres infestation. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图2。疥螨感染引起的面部和耳廓结痂和瘙痒。
Fig. 3. Facial excoriations and bacterial pyoderma caused by atopy. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图3。特应性皮炎引起的面部抓痕和细菌性脓皮病。
Fig. 4. Feline herpesvirus. (Courtesy of R. Malik, DVSc, DipVetAn, MVetClinStud, PhD, FACVSc, FASM, MASID, Sydney, Australia.)
图4。猫疱疹病毒。
Fig. 5. Cryptococcosis. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图5。隐球菌病。
Fig. 6. Phaeohyphomycosis. (Courtesy of R. Malik, DVSc, DipVetAn, MVetClinStud, PhD, FACVSc, FASM, MASID, Sydney, Australia.)
图6。暗色丝孢霉病。
Fig. 7. Mosquito bite hypersensitivity. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图7。蚊子叮咬过敏。
Fig. 8. Atopy. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图8。特应性皮炎。
Fig. 9. Squamous cell carcinoma. (Courtesy of C. Souza DVM, MSC, PhD, Urbana, IL.)
图9。鳞状细胞癌。
Fig. 10. Squamous cell carcinoma. (Courtesy of C. Souza DVM, MSC, PhD, Urbana, IL.)
图10。鳞状细胞癌。
Fig. 11. Cryptococcosis. (Courtesy of R. Malik, DVSc, DipVetAn, MVetClinStud, PhD, FACVSc, FASM, MASID, Sydney, Australia.)
图11.隐球菌病。
Fig. 12. Adherent crusting on the nasal planum margins in a Bengal cat. (ª Veterinary Information Network, Inc.; Image by Cherry Douglas, DVM.)
图12。一只孟加拉猫鼻平面边缘的黏附性结痂。
Fig. 13. Pemphigus foliaceus. Note the similarity to herpesvirus dermatitis.
图13.落叶型天疱疮。注意与疱疹病毒性皮肤病相似。
Fig. 14. Mycobacteria tarwinense, a type of feline leprosy. (Courtesy of Dr. Richard Malik, DVSc, DipVetAn, MVetClinStud, PhD, FACVSc, FASM, MASID, Sydney, Australia.)
图14.tarwinense分枝杆菌，一种猫麻风病类型。
Fig. 15. Feline sarcoid. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图15。猫肉样瘤。
Fig. 16. Squamous cell carcinoma. (Courtesy of C. Souza DVM, MSC, PhD, Urbana, IL.)
图16。鳞状细胞癌。
Fig. 17. Melanoma. (ª Veterinary Information Network, Inc.; Image by Adam Boardman DVM.)
图17.黑色素瘤
Fig. 18. Lentigo. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图18.雀斑。
Fig. 19. Dermatophytosis. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图19.皮肤癣菌病。
Fig. 20. Dermatophytosis as seen in this cat can be clinically similar to immune-mediated disease. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图20.在这只猫上看到的皮肤癣菌病在临床上可能与免疫介导性疾病相似。
Fig. 21. Feline Demodex causing symmetric linear alopecia in an asthmatic cat corresponding with contact areas of a mask designed to deliver inhaled corticosteroids. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图21。猫蠕形螨导致一只哮喘症患猫的对称性线状脱毛，与吸入皮质类固醇面罩的接触区域相对应。
Fig. 22. Mural folliculitis. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图22.毛囊壁毛囊炎。
Fig. 23. Severe feline acne. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图23.严重的猫下巴痤疮。
Fig. 24. Dark chin debris mimicking feline acne in a cat with dermatophytosis. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.）
图24.一只皮肤癣菌病患猫的猫痤疮，可见下巴深色碎屑。
Fig. 25. Paraneoplastic disease. (ª Veterinary Information Network, Inc.; Image by Eric Clough DVM.)
图25.副肿瘤综合征疾病。
Fig. 26. Herpesvirus dermatitis. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图26.疱疹病毒性皮肤病。
Fig. 27. Herpesvirus dermatitis. (Courtesy of R. Malik, DVSc, DipVetAn, MVetClinStud, PhD, FACVSc, FASM, MASID, Sydney, Australia.)
图27.疱疹病毒性皮肤病。
Fig. 28. Herpesvirus-induced blepharitis. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图28.疱疹病毒引发的睑缘炎。
Fig. 29. Herpesvirus dermatitis. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图29。疱疹病毒性皮肤病。
Fig. 30. Cryptococcosis. (Courtesy of R. Malik, DVSc, DipVetAn, MVetClinStud, PhD, FACVSc, FASM, MASID, Sydney, Australia.)
图30.隐球菌病。
Fig. 31. Sporotrichosis. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图31.孢子丝菌病。
Fig. 32. Histoplasmosis. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图32.组织胞浆菌病。
Fig. 33. Eosinophilic granuloma caused by atopy. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图33.特应性皮炎导致的嗜酸性肉芽肿。
Fig. 34. Infected eosinophilic granulomas secondary to atopy. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图34.继发于特应性皮炎的感染性嗜酸性肉芽肿。
Fig. 35. Severe chronic untreated eosinophilic lip granulomas causing severe scarring in an allergic cat. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图35。一只过敏症患猫唇部严重的慢性未治疗性嗜酸性肉芽肿导致的严重瘢痕。
Fig. 36. Deep pyoderma caused by food allergy. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图36.食物过敏导致的深层脓皮病。
Fig. 37. The same cat as in Fig. 46 after treatment of infection and a hypoallergenic diet. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图37.与图46为同一患猫，治疗感染和使用低过敏日粮后。
Fig. 38. Squamous cell carcinoma. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图38.鳞状细胞癌。
Fig. 39. Herpesvirus dermatitis. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图39。疱疹病毒性皮肤病。
Fig. 40. Herpesvirus dermatitis. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图40.疱疹病毒性皮肤病。
Fig. 41. Herpesvirus dermatitis. (Courtesy of R. Malik, DVSc, DipVetAn, MVetClinStud, PhD, FACVSc, FASM, MASID, Sydney, Australia.)
图41.疱疹病毒性皮肤病。
Fig. 42. Chronic bacterial pyoderma. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图42.慢性细菌性脓皮病。
Fig.43. Cryptococcosis. (Courtesy of R. Malik, DVSc, DipVetAn, MVetClinStud, PhD, FACVSc, FASM, MASID, Sydney, Australia.)
图43.隐球菌病。
Fig. 44. Phaeohyphomycosis. (ª Veterinary Information Network, Inc.; Image by Tammy Brown DVM.)
图44.暗色丝孢霉病。
Fig. 45. Pemphigus foliaceus.
图45.落叶型天疱疮。
Fig. 46. Pemphigus foliaceus.
图46.落叶型天疱疮。
Fig. 47. Mosquito bite hypersensitivity. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图47.蚊子叮咬过敏。
Fig. 48. Mosquito bite hypersensitivity. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图48.蚊子叮咬过敏。
Fig. 49. Atopic dermatitis. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图49。特应性皮炎。
Fig. 50. Notoedres infestation. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.
图50.疥螨感染。
Fig. 51. SCC in situ at the nasal mucocutaneous junction. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图51.鼻部皮肤黏膜交界处的原位SCC。
Fig. 52. Bowen’s disease. (Courtesy of R. Malik, DVSc, DipVetAn, MVetClinStud, PhD, FACVSc, FASM, MASID, Sydney, Australia.)
图52.鲍温氏病。
Fig. 53. Bowen’s disease. (Courtesy of R. Malik, DVSc, DipVetAn, MVetClinStud, PhD, FACVSc, FASM, MASID, Sydney, Australia.)
图53.鲍温氏病。
Fig. 54. Thymoma-induced exfoliative dermatitis; secondary bacterial and malassezia infections contributed to inflammation and pruritus. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图54.胸腺瘤引发表皮剥脱性皮肤病。
Fig. 55. Severe feline acne. (ª Veterinary Information Network, Inc.; Image by Elizabeth Noyes DVM.)
图55.严重的猫痤疮。
Fig. 56. Idiopathic facial dermatosis/dirty face syndrome. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图56.特发性面部皮肤病/脏脸综合征。
Fig. 57. Cryptococcosis. (Courtesy of R. Malik, DVSc, DipVetAn, MVetClinStud, PhD, FACVSc, FASM, MASID, Sydney, Australia.)
图57.隐球菌病。
Fig. 58. Cryptococcosis. (Courtesy of R. Malik, DVSc, DipVetAn, MVetClinStud, PhD, FACVSc, FASM, MASID, Sydney, Australia.)
图58.隐球菌病。
Fig. 59. Sporotrichosis. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图59。孢子丝菌病。
Fig. 60. Sporotrichosis. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图60.孢子丝菌病。
Fig. 61. Phaeohyphomycosis. (Courtesy of R. Malik, DVSc, DipVetAn, MVetClinStud, PhD, FACVSc, FASM, MASID, Sydney, Australia.)
图61.暗色丝孢霉病。
Fig. 62. Mast cell tumor. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图62.肥大细胞瘤。
Fig. 63. Basal cell tumor. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图63.基底细胞瘤。
Fig. 64. Melanoma. (ª Veterinary Information Network, Inc.; Image by Karen Fischer DVM.)
图64.黑色素瘤。
Fig. 65. Progressive dendritic cell histiocytosis. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图65.渐进性树突状细胞组织细胞增多症。
Fig. 66. The same cat as in Fig. 85: larger ulcerated masses were present on the lips and chin. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图66。同图85中的猫：唇部和下巴上有大的溃疡肿块。
Fig. 67. Eosinophilic granuloma causing fat chin in an allergic cat. (Courtesy of A. Simpson, DVM, MS, DACVD, Aurora, IL.)
图67。一只过敏症患猫的嗜酸性肉芽肿导致肥下巴。
Fig. 68. Blue cystic lip masses caused by apocrine cystomatosis. (ª Veterinary Information Network, Inc.; Image by Daniel Hall DVM.)
图68。顶浆汗腺囊腺瘤病引起的唇部蓝色囊性肿物。
Fig. 69. Numerous dark eyelid masses also caused by apocrine cystomatosis. (ª Veterinary Information Network, Inc.; Image by Mike Bloomer DVM.)
兽医信息网络公司；图片来源：Mike Bloomer DVM)
图69.顶浆汗腺囊腺瘤病也能引起大量深色眼睑肿物。
Fig. 70. Nasal swelling caused by plasmacytic inflammation; the cat also had plasma cell pododermatitis. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图70。浆细胞炎症引起的鼻肿胀；患猫还有浆细胞性足皮炎。
Fig. 71. Asymmetrical pinnal alopecia caused by dermatophytosis. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图71。皮肤癣菌病引起的耳廓不对称性脱毛。
Fig. 72. Patchy pinnal alopecia in a cat with demodicosis. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图72。蠕形螨病患猫的耳廓斑片状脱毛。
Fig. 73. Idiopathic pinnal alopecia in a Siamese cat. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图73。一只暹罗猫的特发性耳廓脱毛。
Fig. 74. Solar dermatosis. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图74.日光性皮肤病。
Fig. 75. Pinnal alopecia with cutaneous atrophy in an atopic cat treated with prolonged topical corticosteroids. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图75.长期外用皮质类固醇治疗的特应性皮炎患猫的耳廓脱毛伴皮肤萎缩。
Fig. 76. Solar-induced squamous cell carcinoma. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图76。日光引发的鳞状细胞癌。
Fig. 77. Notoedres infestation. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图77.疥螨感染。
Fig. 78. Pemphigus foliaceus. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图78.落叶型天疱疮。
Fig. 79. Pemphigus foliaceus. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图79。落叶型天疱疮。
Fig. 80. Mosquito bite hypersensitivity. (Courtesy of R. Malik, DVSc, DipVetAn, MVetClinStud, PhD, FACVSc, FASM, MASID, Sydney, Australia.)
图80。蚊子叮咬过敏。
Fig. 81. Pinnal and preauricular crusted excoriations caused by atopy. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图81。特应性皮炎引起的耳廓和耳前皮肤结痂抓痕。
Fig. 82. Bowen’s disease. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图82.鲍温氏病。
Fig. 83. Thymoma-associated exfoliative dermatitis.
图83。胸腺瘤相关表皮剥脱性皮肤病。
Fig. 84. Squamous cell carcinoma.
图84。鳞状细胞癌。
Fig. 85. Auricular chondritis.
图85。耳软骨炎。
Fig. 86. Iatrogenic Cushing caused drooping of both distal pinnae. (ª Veterinary Information Network, Inc.; Image by Sue Fluhr DVM.
图86。医源性库欣引起双侧耳廓远端下垂。
Fig. 87. Frostbite-induced distal pinnal necrosis. (ª Veterinary Information Network, Inc.; Image by Tamara Goff DVM.)
图87。冻伤引起的耳廓远端坏死。
Fig. 88. Ear canal ulceration and purulent exudate caused by pemphigus foliaceus and secondary bacterial otitis. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图88。由落叶型天疱疮和继发细菌性耳炎引起的耳道溃疡和化脓性分泌物。
Fig. 89. Proliferative necrotizing otitis externa. (From Coyner K. Clinical Atlas of Canine and Feline Dermatology. Hoboken, NJ: Wiley; 2020; with permission.)
图89。增生性坏死性外耳炎。
Fig. 90. Ceruminous (apocrine) cystomatosis.
图90。耵聍腺（顶浆汗腺）囊腺瘤病。 
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Box 1 Tips for performing a hypoallergenic diet trial
框1进行低敏日粮试验提示
Food allergy can occur at any time in life, even after eating the same food for years.
食物过敏可能发生在任何年龄，即使吃了多年的相同的食物。
Food allergy can cause facial and/or generalized pruritus and/or recurrent otitis.
食物过敏可引起面部和/或全身性瘙痒和/或复发性耳炎。
Food allergy is diagnosed and treated with a strict prescription hypoallergenic diet trial for 8 to 12 weeks.
食物过敏是通过8-12周严格的低敏处方量食物排除试验进行诊断和治疗。
Options include novel protein or hydrolyzed diets; a careful dietary history is necessary to select an appropriate food.
可选方案包括新奇蛋白或水解日粮；为了选择合适的食物，详细的日粮史是必要的。
Over-the-counter novel protein diets are not ideal because they can be microscopically contaminated with other ingredients.
非处方新奇蛋白日粮并不理想，因为它们可能含有其他微量污染成分。
Serology for food allergy is inaccurate and should not be used.
食物过敏的血清学检查不准确，不应使用。
Perform a slow diet transition over 10 to 14 days to increase the chance of acceptance of the new food.
在10 - 14天内进行缓慢的日粮过度，以增加接受新食物的机会。
If the cat refuses the new diet, try a different brand/flavor; it can take several tries to find the right food for each cat.
如果猫拒绝新日粮，尝试不同的品牌/口味；为每只猫找到合适的食物可能需要几次尝试。
Eliminate all other foods/treats/supplements.
去除所有其他食物/零食/补充剂。
Feed all cats in the home the same food if possible.
如果可能的话，给家里所有的猫都喂同样的食物。 |
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发表于 2024-11-30 22:12:15
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